Impact of COVID-19 on quality of life

Hello guy’s I’m Anayatullah, so today we discuss the impact of COVID-19 on quality of life.

Impact of COVID-19 on quality of life

We present in this article an overview of the impact of COVID-19 on the quality of life of patients based on their age,gender,and race. A cardiologist needs to be aware of the effects of lockdown on physical activity and the implications for general well-being. We emphasise the importance of identifying vulnerable individuals for early intervention and long-term monitoring.

It has been reported that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted the sustainability of quality of life (QOL) and the impact of social interaction around the world.

Until now, research has primarily focused on hospitalised COVID-19 patients. However,the consequences after the acute stage also deserve special attention from healthcare professionals,not only to alleviate symptoms but also to restore quality of life and work productivity in the patients.

Impact of COVID-19 on quality of life

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), quality of life refers to an individual’s perception of their position in life in light of their culture and value systems as well as their goals,expectations,standards,and concerns,and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an evaluation of health-related quality of life and its relationship to health.

• HRQOL consists of a variety of multidimensional components that can be measured with diff erent tools. Health status aff ect a person’s perception of quality of life in physical,psychological, functional, and social domains. The most common questionnaires used to access HRQOL are the 36-item short form survey (SF-36) or the EuroQOL 5-domain 5-level survey (EQ-5D-5L).

In terms of HRQOL,individual and collective impact can be diff erent,as the first focuses more on personal well-being and individual rights, while the second seeks help in the community through patient advocacy groups. In the midst of COVID-19, patients or healthy individuals support each other all over the world through social media,but not exclusively. For example, the COVID-19 advocacy exchange was formed.

Impact of COVID-19 on quality of life

In addition to organ-specific sequelae requiring interdisiplinary comprehensive care for COVID-19 symptoms, COVID-19 symptoms can persist after recovery with organ-specific sequelae requiring ongoing management. It has been well described that post-COVID-19 syndrome is characterised by fatigue and dyspnea,which can occur regardless of the severity of the initial condition.

Psychologically,anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances have been reported in 30–40% of COVID-19 survivors. It is noteworthy that these figures are similar to those reported by survivors of other pathogenic coronaviruses.
In a recent Chinese study,patients with COVID-19 were assessed using the SF-36, revealing poor HQOL at one month,with psychological impairment predominating in females.

This suggests that female sex may be a risk factor for mental health QOL in COVID-19 patients.

In another Chinese study, the HRQOL of patients hospitalised for COVID-19 was also evaluated using the SF-36, and impairments were noted up to three months after discharge. The study indicates the poor HRQOL was related to age, gender,and physical symptoms after discharge. It was suggested that older individuals,particularly females and those with recurrent physical symptoms,are most likely to suff er from poor HRQOL.

Long COVID is defined as persisting or developing after acute COVID-19, according to the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence. This includes both ongoing symptoms of COVID-19 (from 4 to 12 weeks) and post-COVID-19 syndrome (12 weeks). Six months after the acute infection, patients who experienced symptoms showed impairments in their quality of life,functional status,and productivity at work.

It is recommended that COVID-19 survivors receive a neuropsychological evaluation with a standard screening approach in order to identify more vulnerable patients and initiate early interventions.

Impact on gender, age, and race

As a result of the lockdown,changes in working routine and habits have had a huge impact on employment status and job performance. Furthermore, as a result of the economic crisis,many companies, restaurants,and leisure centres have had to adapt and reduce their employee numbers, which has resulted in some employees not being paid or even losing their employment.

Studies in the USA, Germany, and Singapore show that women are more at risk of unemployment,reducing working hours, and switching to working from home than men.

There is also a need to pay attention to the impact on children as compared to adults. A systemic review has shown a clear reduction in HRQOL in adolescents and children as a result of COVID-19, regardless of gender. In particular, a study used the EQ-5D-5L quetionnaire to evaluate children’s well-being and found that the HRQOL of younger adults was lower compared to the average for the US population. Taking these results into account, it appears that the general lockdown and restriction rules have certainly contributed to the mental well-being of the younger generation.

In a study of 2016 hospitalised COVID-19 patients,a report on HRQOL involving 2016 hospitalised COVID-19 patients found that patients over the age of 60 years and older were more likely to report a negative change in HRQOL at 6 months following discharge. As measured by the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Further, one out of three patients experienced persistent impairment of mobility and the ability to perform daily activities.

Lastly, diff erent geographical areas with diff erent racial and ethnic diff erences played a role in the manifestation of COVID-19, showing a higher mortality rate among African Americans and drastic economic disruption in lower socioeconomic classes. Some areas had low HRQOL before COVID-19, so it is possible that the limited healthcare resources and poor medical access contributed to the drastic outcome in such countries,highlighting unequal impacts and exacerbating existing enequalities.

Impact on physical activity

In our capacity as cardiologists,it is important to be aware of the significant efft ect COVID-19 has on the practise of physical activity. The decline in physical activity is intuitive for both healthy individuals and patients. In light of the limited access to sports during the pandemic,we can imagine that QOL was adversely affected by the closure of fitness centres and the cessation of club activities, which have greatly contributed to the observed decline in sports activities as well as the fear of going outside to exercise. The behaviour of children and adolescents has unfortunately been similar.

Physical activity and sport remain the most powerful prevention measures against chronic diseases,but they also boost immunity.

Despite the fact that most cardiac rehabilitation programmes were interrupted during the pandemic,patients with adequate access to technology were offered cardiac tele-rehabitation in some facilities. Even after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic, the option of tele-rehabilitation is expected to continue to be developed and is likely to be incorporated into standard care in the near future.

Conclusion
So finally, we are finished talking about the impact of COVID-19 on quality of life, gender, age,age and race, and physical activity. They are all complete, which I hope you will better understand in this article.

Contact_ us for more ideas on the impact of COVID-19 on quality of life. We are able to provide you with a less expensive method for achieving your goals.